2.1.4. Non-Goods.

D.1. Non-Goods: 

I. An absence of one of the four criteria of Good Character - Need, Useful Things, Knowledge, and Command of Useful Things for our needs - results in Non-Good.

II. From Good Characteristics, it follows that any negation of at least a single component of the definition of Good Characters renders that Useful Things into as Non-Good, or as not having any Good Characters for Human Needs.

Axiomatic Derivation:

1. From Good Characteristics, it follows that if there is a composite of a Need, Useful Things, Knowledge, and Control, there is a thing of Good Characters. 

2. From 1, it follows conversely that, if it is not the case that there is a thing of Good Characters, it is also not the case that there is a composite of a Need, Useful Things, Knowledge, and Control.

3. From 2, it simplifies to: Absence of a composite of a Need, Useful Things, Knowledge, and Control implies absence of Good Characters.

4. An absence, or negation, of a composite of a Need, Useful Things, Knowledge, and Control implies either there is no Need, or there are no Useful Things, or there is no Knowledge, or there is no Control, or perhaps any of these negations. 

5. Observation: 

Needs can arise or be satiated, knowledge can be acquired or even forgotten, capacity can be learned or learning can be lost, and useful things can be designed or depreciated. Thus, it follows that Non-Goods can become Goods, and Goods can become Non-Goods. Hence, there is a movement between Goods, and Non-Goods. 

5.6. For an elaboration read the following explanation:

Explanations:

E.1. Suppose we are gratified after eating bread, and while we have additional flour to bake more bread, it is a Useful Thing but no longer has good character as outlined in Good. The Human Need is now absent. The same reasoning can be extended to depreciation of useful properties, say of a wooden furniture, or to cases where we have not learned, or to cases where we forget how to use a thing (I, for instance, learned Abacus as child but now have forgotten how to use it - it is a Non-Good now), or to cases where we lose control of something (say we transfer control of a property by legal arrangements). 

Note: It is now possible that Useful Things keep transiting between Goods and Non-Goods, especially in case of human Needs. Cases such as a knife losing and regaining its sharpness are also included.

Reference: Menger, Carl (2004). Principles of Economics, Online edition, The Mises Institute, 2004. (Chapter 01 page 53)